Journal of Robotics, Networking and A rtif icial Life Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2024

Research Article
1.A MBD-Based Dynamic Analysis Framework with a Viscoelastic Contact Model and Flexible Elements Toward Human Power Assistive Devices Shintaro Kasai¹, Dondogjamts Batbaatar², Hiroaki Wagatsuma^1
1Kyushu Institute of Technology (Kyutech), 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
² Mongolian University of Science and Technology (MUST), 8th khoroo, Baga toiruu 34, Sukhbaatar Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
pp. 1–5
ABSTRACT
It is important for the analysis of human movement and rehabilitation to incorporate spring-damper components, flexible materials, and contact force into the joint model considering human dynamics. In this study, the absolute nodal coordination formula (ANCF) method is introduced to the analytical model for the viscoelastic properties of the musculoskeletal system which is essential for analyzing human walking motion, and the flexible characteristics of the human body is reproduced. The consideration of a contact force model makes it possible to simulate contact actions between elements of the human body and the interaction with the environment. The proposed integrated framework is applied to multibody dynamics (MBD) based slider-crank mechanisms to demonstrate the dynamics/inverse dynamics analysis of human joint biomechanics.

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 25 November 2023
Accepted 05 September 2024

Keywords
Biomechanical systems
Multi-body dynamics (MBD)
Contact force and its modelling

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Research Article
2.Q-learning approach for Nurse Rostering: Addressing Variations in Work Patterns and Visualization of Results
Masato Nagayoshi¹, Hisashi Tamaki^2
1Niigata College of Nursing, 240 Shinnan-cho Joetsu, Niigata 943-0147, Japan
²Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
pp. 6–10
ABSTRACT
Creating a duty roster that meets all the various requirements of nurse rostering is extremely challenging. Consequently, many researchers have studied nurse rostering. Despite these efforts, the shift schedules generated by these studies are often not practical in their initial form, as they require adjustments to accommodate various constraints and evaluation criteria. Thus, we have proposed a method for revising duty roster using Q-learning in a constructive nurse rostering. This paper explores the potential for developing a practical duty roster that accommodates nurses with varying duty plan valuations. This involves considering each nurse's lifestyle. Additionally, we visualize the duty plan valuations of the revised rosters we obtain.

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 25 November 2023
Accepted 11 August 2024

Keywords
Nurse rostering
Q-learning
Duty plan valuation
Lifestyle

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Research Article
3.The Intrusion Detection Solution for Isolated Industrial Control Environments
I-Hsien Liu¹, Nai-Yu Chen², Pei-Wen Chou², Jung-Shian Li^3
1Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Rd., East
Dist., Tainan City 701401, Taiwan
²M.S. Degree Program on Cyber-Security Intelligence, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Rd., East Dist., Tainan City 701401, Taiwan
³Department of Electrical Engineering / Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Rd., East Dist., Tainan City 701401, Taiwan
pp. 11–15
ABSTRACT
This study explores the implementation of intrusion detection solutions, specifically Snort, in industrial control environments that use network segregation as a security measure. Unlike traditional deployments at gateway ports, our research integrates Snort directly within isolated networks, customized with specific operational technology (OT) rules. The effectiveness of this system was tested using the TWISC@NCKU Critical Infrastructure cybersecurity testbed in Taiwan. This findings indicate that this strategic approach can successfully detect anomalies in network traffic, effectively addressing the common challenge of limited monitoring in segregated network environments.

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 31 October 2023
Accepted 06 August 2024

Keywords
Network-based monitoring
Industrial control system
Cybersecurity testbed

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Research Article
4.MCU Based Edge Computing Platform for Liquid Level Measurement
Chung-Wen Hung¹, Chun-Liang Liu¹, Tai-Hsuan Wu¹, Chau-Chung Song^2
1National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, 123 University Road, Section 3, Douliou, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan, R.O.C.
²National Formosa University, Taiwan, 64 Wenhua Road, Huwei Town, Yunlin County 632301, Taiwan, R.O.C.
pp. 16–20
ABSTRACT
An MCU(microcontroller unit)-based edge computing system for assessing the height of liquids in containers in this paper. This system uses a solenoid valve to strike the bottle and a microphone to capture sound waves. Signals are transformed from the time domain to the frequency domain by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) and used to predict the water level by using AI (artificial intelligence) model. A dynamic label smoothing method enhances label correlation, and an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) model is employed on the MCU for classification. The system accurately predicts water levels from 200 to 250 milliliters at 1-milliliter intervals. Hyperparameter optimization balances accuracy with MCU memory and computational constraints. Experimental results show that the system achieves an accuracy of 81% under the limits of edge computing, verifying its effectiveness in liquid level measurement applications.

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 15 November 2023
Accepted 31 July 2024

Keywords
Label smoothing
Edge computing
Audio process
Hyperparameter

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Research Article
5.Design and Implementation of an Automated Shopping Companion for Elderly Support and Mobility Enhancement
Dina Koushek¹, Mastaneh Mokayef¹, MHD Amen Summakieh¹, M.K.A Ahamed Khan¹, Abdul Qayyum²,
Sivajothi A/L Paramasivam^3
1Faculty of Engineering Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
²National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK.
³University of Wollongong Malaysia, Shah Alam, Slenagor, 40150, Malaysia
pp. 21–28
ABSTRACT
The proposed system utilizes facial recognition technology to detect and track the user, eliminating the need for physical effort in pushing a shopping cart. Additionally, the robotic trolley is equipped with an ultrasonic sensor that estimates the distance walked by the user, providing them with valuable information about their physical activity levels during the shopping trip. The implementation of this system leverages the OpenCV computer vision library within the Python programming framework, enabling the integration of the facial recognition and distance estimation capabilities. Evaluation of the developed prototype has demonstrated significant improvements in the quality of life and independence of elderly individuals, as they can now navigate the shopping environment with greater comfort and ease. This innovative robotic shopping companion represents a promising solution to enhance the shopping experience for the aging population, addressing their unique needs and empowering them to maintain their autonomy, well-being, and public health during their daily activities.

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 23 November 2023
Accepted 27 August 2024

Keywords
Facial recognition tracking
OpenCV
Smart following trolley
Distance estimation
Public health

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Research Article
6.Programming Education Using Maze Exploration for Junior High School Student
Kenji Kimura¹, Youta Takano^2
1Department of Control Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Matsue College 14-4 Nishi-ikuma-cho, Matsue-shi, Shimane,690-8518, Japan.
²Department of Control Engineering,14-4 Nishi-ikuma-cho, Matsue-shi, Shimane,690-8518, Japan
pp. 29–35
ABSTRACT
With the recent emergence of Amazon warehouses and service robots at airports and hotels, it is believed that we will enter an era in which humans and robots will struggle to coexist. Elementary and junior high school students need robotics education, which sparks their interest at an early stage. In response, higher education institutions are actively working on robot education, but most of them focus on online tracing using microcomputers. In this study, students from a technical college organized a workshop for third-year junior high school students to teach robotics about maze exploration. The lecture was evaluated by means of a questionnaire

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 15 November 2023
Accepted 27 August 2024

Keywords
Robot education
Programming
Student-planned workshops
Obstacle avoidance techniques
Maze exploration

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Research Article
7.Enhancing Tourism in Takachiho through VR and AR Technologies: A Case Study on Virtual Scenic Experiences and Interactive Features
Satoshi Ikeda¹, Makoto Sakamoto¹, Amane Takei¹, Takao Ito^2
1Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
²Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 kagamiyama Higashihiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, 739-8511, Japan
pp. 36–39
ABSTRACT
Miyazaki Prefecture faces several challenges in its tourism industry and has adopted various strategies to address them. In 2016, technologies like VR and AR gained attention. In response, our company developed a new smartphone app leveraging virtual technology, offering unique features to attract more tourists and encourage repeat visits.

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 15 November 2023
Accepted 27 August 2024

Keywords
Tourism technology
Virtual reality
Augmented reality
Visitor engagement
Cultural heritage

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Research Article
8.Framework of a Disinformation Game Based on the Narrative Warfare in Russo-Ukrainian War
Jumpei Ono¹, Takashi Ogata^2
1Faculty of Software and Information Technology, Aomori University, 2-3-1, Kobata, Aomori, Aomori, 030-0943, Japan
²Faculty of Informatics, Yamato University, 2-5-1, Katayama-cho, Suita, Osaka, 564-0082, Japan
pp. 40–48
ABSTRACT
Since Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, information related to the invasion has increased. This information is spread through social networking services and TV programs. This study proposes a framework for a disinformation game system. In the game, a player spreads disinformation. In particular, we discuss topics related to the Russo–Ukrainian War in February 2022. The game system provides players with mental immunity to disinformation by simulating its spread. Three experiments were conducted in this game. In experiments on the proposed game, people gradually lost their resistance to disinformation by repeatedly receiving disinformation.

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 24 December 2023
Accepted 23 August 2024

Keywords
Cognitive security
Computer game
Disinformation
Disinformation game
Fake new
Information warfare
Narrative generation
Narrative warfare
Russo–Ukrainian War
Video game

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